‘By registering their experiences living in marginalised territories and challenging the subordinate position occupied by the Afro-Portuguese in Portuguese society, these rappers forged a collective identity that served as a shelter in an environment marked by hostile conditions,’ we are told by anthropologist Otávio Raposo in this brief history of Creole rap in Portugal. He refers to its artistic, cultural, political and social facets and the fact that this marginal, underground music has gained ground and popularity. ‘Neglected by record labels, radio and other hegemonic media, today Creole rap is one of the most vibrant music genres among Portuguese youth, mobilising artists and a legion of fans who use the new technologies of production and dissemination to acquire visibility’.